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Eastman Johnson Catalogue Raisonné
Patricia Hills, PhD, Founder and Director | Abigael MacGibeny, MA, Project Manager

Catalogue Entry

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Image courtesy the Metropolitan Museum of Art
Girl and Turkey, c.1870–80 (Hills no. 39.3.13). Overall (behind glass)
Overall (behind glass)
Photo: Patricia Hills
Girl and Turkey, c.1870–80 (Hills no. 39.3.13). Overall (behind glass)
Overall (behind glass)
Photo: Patricia Hills
Girl and Turkey, c.1870–80 (Hills no. 39.3.13). Detail (behind glass)
Detail (behind glass)
Photo: Patricia Hills
39.3 U.S. Finished Genre Drawings

This theme presents finished works in charcoal and pastel, often with touches of white chalk. (Note that the word “crayon” has often been used in the historical evidence; see Technical Information on Johnson's Practices.) When related to specific paintings, such works are likely to have been done after the finished paintings for a patron, or for exhibition and sale. These works may have originated using a transfer technique–from painting to drawing or from drawing to painting.

As Sheldon Keck wrote in “A Use of Infra-Red Photography in the Study of Technique,” Technical Studies in the Field of the Fine Arts, 1941:

Johnson's procedure, as thus reconstructed, seems to have been to prepare carefully in advance of his painting a drawing of the whole or of important parts. In this he determined as well the modelling and chiaroscuro to be used in his painting. He next traced the drawing and transferred the outline to the picture priming. He diligently followed this outline in his application of paint. The drawing of the "Girl with Glass" of which a painted version appears in "The New Bonnet" illustrates this conclusion. The measurements of the drawn and painted figures coincide and the infra-red photograph reveals the guide lines in the painting.

—PH

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Hills no. 39.3.13
1907 Sale no. 109
Girl and Turkey
Metropolitan Museum of Art title: Feeding the Turkey
c.1870–80
Pastel on wove paper, mounted to canvas on wooden stretcher
24 x 14 in. (61 x 35.6 cm)
Neither signed nor dated
This catalogue raisonné strives to reproduce the available historical information, as it was written in the period, while acknowledging that readers today may find many of these terms objectionable or racist. Please see the Racist Language/Negative Stereotypes Statement »
Description / Remarks

Hills, 2022: Although John I. H. Baur owned and annotated a copy of the catalogue of Johnson's 1907 Estate Sale, he did not include this work in his own 1940 catalogue listing; he must have obtained it after publication.

1907 Estate Sale info
No. 109: "A comely kitchen maid, teasing a sturdy old gobbler, holds aloft with her left hand a large bowl, which the great bird vainly endeavors to reach. Clutching the extended foot of the girl with one strong claw, he stretches his neck with its brilliant red hood, as far as he is able, while his tormentor apparently urges him to further efforts. The background is a rough plastered wall, with a door on the left and a grated cellar window on the right."
"Height, 23 ½ inches; width, 13 ½ inches."
[Annotation: “37.50”]
Provenance
Eastman Johnson estate/Mrs. Eastman Johnson, New York, 1906 (by bequest)
[The artist's estate sale, American Art Association, New York, February 26–27, 1907, no. 109 (as Girl and Turkey)]
Anonymous owner
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1946 (by gift)
Exhibitions
1907a Century Association
Century Association, New York, Memorial Exhibition of Eastman Johnson, February 9–13, 1907, as Girl and Turkey, pastel.
1920 Kennedy Galleries
Kennedy Galleries, New York, Charcoal Drawings of Eminent Americans by Eastman Johnson, June 1920. (Exhibition catalogue: Kennedy Galleries 1920), no. 44, [possibly (as Woman, and Feathered Folk) or no. 47 (as Girl with Turkey].
References
AAA 1907b
Catalogue of Finished Pictures, Studies, and Drawings by the Late Eastman Johnson, N.A. New York: American Art Association, February 1907. Sale catalogue, n.p., no. 109, as Girl and Turkey.
Kennedy Galleries 1920
Catalogue of an Exhibition of Charcoal Drawings by Eastman Johnson. New York: Kennedy Galleries, 1920. Exhibition catalogue (1920 Kennedy Galleries), p. 9 [possibly no. 44 (as Woman, and Feathered Folk) or no. 47 (as Girl with Turkey)].
Related work
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Record last updated April 7, 2022. Please note that the information on this and all pages is periodically reviewed and subject to change.
Citation: Hills, Patricia, and Abigael MacGibeny. "Girl and Turkey, c.1870–80 (Hills no. 39.3.13)." Eastman Johnson Catalogue Raisonné. www.eastmanjohnson.org/catalogue/entry.php?id=870 (accessed on May 19, 2024).